Calcium carbide (CaC2) is commonly known as calcium carbide. Industrial products are gray, yellowish brown or black, and those with high calcium carbide are purple. Its newly created section is glossy, and it absorbs water in the air in gray or gray white. It can conduct electricity. The higher the purity, the better the conductivity. It can absorb moisture in the air. Add water to decompose into acetylene and calcium hydroxide. It reacts with nitrogen to form calcium cyanamide.
Calcium carbide is one of the basic raw materials in the organic synthetic chemical industry. It is an important raw material for acetylene chemical industry. Acetylene produced from calcium carbide is widely used in metal welding and cutting. The production methods include oxythermal method and electrothermal method. Generally, calcium carbide is produced by electrothermal method, that is, quicklime and carbonaceous raw materials (coke, anthracite or petroleum coke) are produced by arc high-temperature melting reaction in calcium carbide furnace. The production process is shown in the figure. The main production process is: raw material processing; mixed ingredients; Add the mixture into the electric furnace through the inlet or pipe at the upper end of the electric furnace, heat it to about 2000 ℃ in an open or closed electric furnace, and generate calcium carbide according to the following reaction: gao+3c → cac2+co. The melted calcium carbide is taken out from the bottom of the furnace, cooled and broken, and then packaged as finished products. The carbon monoxide generated in the reaction is discharged in different ways according to the type of calcium carbide furnace: in an open furnace, carbon monoxide burns on the charge surface, and the flame generated spreads outward with the dust; In the semi closed furnace, part of the carbon monoxide is extracted by the suction hood placed on the furnace, and the rest is still burning on the charge surface; In the closed furnace, all carbon monoxide is extracted.
